10X PBS BUFFER, 10X PHOSPHATE BUFFERED SALINE

14.7mM KH2PO4, 81mM Na2HPO4•12H2O, 1.37M NaCl, 26.8mM KCl, pH 6.8.

Low-temperature may cause precipitation. If so, heat it in water bath until dissolved.
pH turns to 7.4 after diluted to 1X.

Stored at RT. 4ºC for longer storage time.

10X PBS BUFFER, 10X PHOSPHATE BUFFERED SALINE

14.7mM KH2PO4, 81mM Na2HPO4•12H2O, 1.37M NaCl, 26.8mM KCl, pH 6.8.

Low-temperature may cause precipitation. If so, heat it in water bath until dissolved.
pH turns to 7.4 after diluted to 1X.

Stored at RT. 4ºC for longer storage time.

For amplification of DNA fragments by PCR, label the DNA fragment with radioactive isotope, biotin etc., development of PCR diagnostic kit and T-A cloning

Free of contaminating foreign DNA

2X Ready to Load PCR Master Mix  is a premixed, ready-to-use solution containing 0.1U/uL Taq DNA Polymerase, 0.4mM dNTP, 3mM MgSO₄ and reaction buffer at optimal concentration for efficient amplification of DNA template by PCR. After the PCR reaction, the PCR product can be loaded directly onto an agarose gel. There is no need to add a loading buffer/tracking dye prior to electrophoresis.

In PCR amplification, please use 10uL of 2X Ready to Load PCR Master Mix which is completely dissolved and 20ng-0.4ug template DNA per 20uL PCR reaction. Make the primer terminal concentration 0.5-1uM. Add ddH₂O to make the total volume 20uL. Mixing is requested before the reaction.

Store at -20ºC. Stable for 6 months in constant freezer temperature. Store at 4ºC for a few weeks. Avoid repeated freeze-thawing cycles.

Molecular Biology Buffer

Piperazine-N, N'-bis[2-ethanesulfonic acids], Free acid. White Powder.
C₈H₁₈N₂O₆S₂
M.W.: 302.37
Assay( Titration): 98.5% min.
Loss on Drying: <0.5%
pKa(20℃): 6.8±0.2
Heavy Metals:<10 ppm
Solubility(0.1M in H₂O): Clear and Complete.

Store at Room Temp.

Protein Experiment, Protease Inhibitor

a -Toluenesulfonyl fluoride
C₇H₇FO₂S
M.W.: 174.19
Assay: 99% min.
Melting Point: 91℃
Homogenous by GC and TLC

PMSF is an irreversible inhibitor of serin-proteases like trypsin, chymotrypsin and cysteine proteases. It is frequently used for the preparation of proteins from cell lysates.

Stock conc.: 10 mg/mL in 10% isopropanol, , store at -20°C 
Working conc.: 0.1-1mM 

Fahrney, D.E. & Gold, A.M. (1963) J.Am.Chem. Soc. 85, 996-1000 Sulfonyl fluorides as inhibitors of esterases. I. Rates of reaction with acetylcholinesterase, α-Chymotrypsin and trypsin.
Gold, A.M. & Fahrney, D.E. (1964) Biochemistry 3, 783-791 Sulfonyl fluorides as inhibitors of esterases. II Formation and reactions of phenylmethanesulfonyl α-Chymotrypsin.

Store at Room Temp.

Caution: PMSF is extremely toxic to mucous membranes of the lung, eyes and skin. Any contact by inhalation, swallowing or contact with skin must be avoided. After contact with skin wash immediately with plenty of water. We recommend to use AEBSF instead of PMSF, which is as effective but substantially less toxic. 

Corrosive, Toxic

C22H12N4Na4O13S4
M.W.：760.6
Concentration：0.1% (W/V) in 5% acetic acid

Datasheet

Ponceau S Solution is used for the detection of proteins on cellulose acetate, PVDF, and nitrocellulose membranes. (Note: Ponceau S is not suitable for use with nylon membranes.) For PVDF and nitrocellulose membranes, microgram quantities of transferred protein can be detected with a clear background and red protein bands. This staining technique is reversible to allow further immunological detection. The limit of detection for this stain is 250 nanograms of protein after separation by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes
Ponceau S is a negative stain which binds to the positively charged amino groups of the protein. It also binds non-covalently to non-polar regions in the protein.
The product is at working concentration, to be used as sold without further dilution.

Store at Room Temp.

KCl
M.W. = 74.55 g/mol

Physical State : Solid
Appearance : White crystalline powder
Odor : Odorless
Assay : >99.5%
Taste : Saline (Strong)
pH : 5.0 – 8.0  (1 M in H2O at 25 °C)    
Density : 1.98 g/mL at 25 °C (77 °F) (Water = 1)
Solubility : 1 M in H2O at 20 °C, clear, colorless
Soluble in cold water, hot water. Very slightly soluble in methanol, n-octanol.

Store at Room Temp.

Protease Inhibitor Cocktail, for general use

A cocktail of five protease inhibitors which has been optimized for the inhibition of a broad range of proteases and esterases. A 1x stock solution contains 500uM AEBSF.HCl, 150nM Aprotinin, 1uM E-64, 0.5mM EDTA, Disodium Salt, and 1uM Leupeptin Hemisulfate.

Appearance:  White lyophilized solid.

Solubility: Reconstitute each vial with 1ml water (H2O) to obtain a 100X concentrated stock solution. Dilute with 100ml solution to achieve 1X stock solution.

Store at -20ºC.

Protease Inhibitor Cocktail, for mammalian cell and tissue extracts

A specially formulated cocktail of six protease inhibitors with broad specificity for the inhibition of aspartic, cysteine and serine proteases as well as aminopeptidases. 1ml is recommended for the inhibition of proteases extracted from 20g of tissue. Recommended for use with mammalian cell and tissue extracts. Vial contains 100 mM AEBSF.HCl, 80uM Aprotinin, 5mM Bestatin, 1.5 mM E-64, 2mM Leupeptin Hemisulfate, and 1mM Pepstatin A.

Appearance:  Liquid, in 1ml DMSO

Store at -20ºC.

Protease Inhibitor Cocktail, for fungal and yeast extracts

A specially formulated cocktail of four protease inhibitors with broad specificity for the inhibition of serine, cysteine, aspartic and metallo-proteases. Recommended for use with fungal and yeast extracts. 1 ml is recommended for the inhibition of proteases extracted from 20 g of yeast. Each vial contains 100 mM AEBSF, HCl, 1.5 mM E-64, 2 mM Pepstatin A and 500 mM 1,10-Phenanthroline

Appearance:  Clear colorless liquid, in 1ml DMSO

Store at -20ºC.

Protease Inhibitor Cocktail, for general use

A specially formulated cocktail of six protease inhibitors with broad specificity for the inhibition of serine, cysteine, aminopeptidases, and metalloproteases. Reconstitute with 100ml H20 to obtain 100ml cocktail solution. The reconstituted cocktail solution contains 2 mM AEBSF. HCl, 1 mM EDTA, 130 µM Bestatin, 14 µM E-64, 1µM Leupeptin Hemisulfate and 0.3 µM Aprotinin. 1 vial is recommended for inhibition of proteases present in 20g of cell extract. Informational insert supplied w/ product.

Appearance:  White lyophilized solid.

Solubility: Reconstitute each vial with 100 ml H2O to obtain a 100 ml cocktail solution

Store at -20ºC.

DNA/RNA Experiment, for DNA/RNA Isolation

39.5 units/mg dry weight
free from nuclease
freeze dryed

Proteinase K is used for the destruction of proteins in cell lysates (tissue, cell culture cells) and for the release of nucleic acids, since it very effectively inactivates DNases and RNases.

Stock conc.:10-20mg/mL
Working conc.: 10-100ug/mL

Ausubel, F.A., Brent, R., Kingston, R.E., Moore, D.D., Seidman, J.G., Smith, J.A. & Struhl, K. (eds.) (1995) Current Protocols in Molecular Biology. Greene Publishing & Wiley-Interscience, New York
Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. & Maniatis, T.Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 3rd Edition. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York.

Store at -20℃ 

Irritant, Sensitizing

For Total Protein Quantitation-BCA Method

This method is based on bicinchoninic acid (BCA) for the colorimetric detection and quantitation of total protein. Peptide bond, cysteine, cystine, tryptophane and tyrosine of protein are capable of reducing cupric ions to cuprous ions in BCA reaction. The purple-colored reaction product is formed by the chelation of one cuprous ion with two molecules of BCA in Solution A. This colored complex exhibits a strong absorbance at 562nm that is nearly linear with increasing
protein concentrations. 

Store at 4℃

For Total Protein Quantitation-Bradford Method

The assay is based on the observation that the absorbance maximum for an acidic solution of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 shifts from 465nm to 595nm when binding to protein. The OD595 of dye-protein compound in direct proportion to the concentration of protein. The quantity of protein can be determined through measure the OD595 of dye-protein compound.

Store at 4℃