Molecular Biology Buffer

N-(2-HydroxyEthyl)Piperazine-N'-2-Ethane-Sulfonic Acid, Free acid
C₈H₁₈N₂O₄S
M.W.: 238.31
Assay: 99.5% Min.
Loss on Drying: <0.1%
pH (5% in water, 20℃): 5.0-6.5
pKa (25℃): 7.55±0.2
Heavy Metals: 1ppm Max.

HEPES is a widely used buffer in biological studies. In cell culture media, it is employed as a substitute for the bicarbonate buffer at a concentration of 25 mM or as a supplement to the bicarbonate buffer (concentration 10-15mM).
The addition of 20mM HEPES to TBE buffer improves the migration behavior of certain samples in the SSCP analysis (single-strand conformation polymorphism), with a higher resolution especially if small differences in the sequences between certain bands are wanted.

Good, N.E. et al. (1966) Biochemistry 5, 467-477
Hydrogen ion buffers for biological research.
Shipman, C. (1969) Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 130, 305-310
Evaluation of HEPES as a tissue culture buffer.
Ferguson, W.J. et al. (1980) Anal. Biochem. 104, 300-310
Hydrogen ion buffers for biological research.

Store at Room Temp.

Molecular Biology Buffer

N-(2-HydroxyEthyl)-Piperazine-N-3-Propane Sulfonic Acid, Free acid
C₉H₂₀N₂O₄S
M.W.: 252.33
Assay (Titration): 99.92%

HEPPS has many properties similar to HEPES. Because of its high buffer range, it is suited for studies on phosphorylation reactions, especially if tricine (binds metal ions) cannot be applied. Like HEPES, HEPPS interferes with the Folin protein assay, but not with the Biuret assay.

Good, N.E. & Izawa, S. (1972) Methods Enzymol. 24, 53-68
Hydrogen ion buffers.
Ferguson, W.J. et al. (1980) Anal. Biochem. 104, 300-310
Hydrogen ion buffers for biological research.

Store at Room Temp.

For amplification of DNA fragments by PCR,  label the DNA fragment with radioactive isotope, biotin etc., development of PCR diagnostic kit and T-A cloning

5U/uL
Include 10x PCR reaction buffer with Mg²⁺ Highly purified.
Free of contaminating endonucleases, exonucleases, and nicking activities.
Purity: 95% Min. by SDS-PAGE

HotStart Taq DNA Polymerase is the modified Taq DNA Polymerase with antibody. It is provided in an inactive state with no polymerase activity at ambient temperatures. This prevents the formation of misprimed products and primer-dimers at low temperature. HotStart Taq DNA Polymerase is activated by 2-5min, 95ºC incubation step, which can be used in the existing thermal cycling programs. HotStart Taq DNA Polymerase provides high PCR specificity and often increases the yield of the specific PCR product.

All reagents, including HotStart Taq, should be mixed well before use and use the mixture immediately after mixing. DNA synthesis is performed in 50uL of mixture containing 2.5U HotStart Taq and 10ng-500ng template DNA, 100-300uM dNTP, 5uL of 10 x reaction buffer, 1.5-3.0mM Mg²⁺, 0.3-1uM primers.

Store at -20ºC. Stable for 12 months in constant freezer temperature.